The Impact of Child Abuse and Psychosocial Development of Teenagers in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria
International Journal of Social Work and Development Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2026
Published: 2026/10/25
DOI: https://doi.org/10.67007/ijsds-2026-v2_i1_010
Abstract
Child abuse remains a major social and public health concern with significant implications for the psychosocial development of adolescents. This qualitative study examined the impact of child abuse on the psychosocial development of teenagers in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria, with particular focus on identity formation, independence, and peer relationships. A total of 26 adolescents were purposively selected for the study based on their experiences and knowledge related to child abuse. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes in participants’ experiences. The findings revealed that experiences of child abuse negatively affected adolescents’ identity formation, resulting in low self-esteem, feelings of insecurity, emotional instability, and difficulties in developing a positive sense of self. The study also found that abuse hindered the development of independence, as many participants reported fear of decision-making, reduced self-confidence, and excessive dependence on others for guidance and validation. Furthermore, child abuse adversely influenced peer relationships, with participants reporting trust issues, social withdrawal, difficulties in forming meaningful friendships, and challenges in social interaction. However, supportive peer networks and positive social environments were identified as important protective factors that enhanced coping, resilience, and psychosocial adjustment among affected adolescents. The study concludes that child abuse poses significant challenges to key aspects of adolescent psychosocial development, particularly identity formation, independence, and peer relationships. It recommends the provision of early psychosocial interventions, school-based counselling services, strengthened child protection mechanisms, and supportive family and community environments to promote healthy psychosocial development among teenagers in Calabar Metropolis.